APA Style (7th ed.)

• List all authors up to 20. If there are 21 authors or more, list the first 19, then ... and the final author.
• Authors should be given last name followed by initials. Do not write out authors' first names in the reference.
• If no author exists for a piece, unless it is specifically signed Anonymous, do not use anonymous as the author. Simply move the title of the journal article to the place of the author.

Group Authors

A group author is an organization or institution that takes credit/responsibility for information instead of a single person.

• If the group author is the same as the publisher, omit the publisher element to avoid repetition.
• If multiple layers of an organization are identified, use only the agency most directly responsible for the work as the author. The other layers may appear as publisher information later in the citation.
• Do not include an abbreviation of the name in the reference list; that is, it's Environmental Protection Agency, not EPA or even Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). You may abbreviate the agency name in the text of your paper though.

• (Year, Month Day).
• Place the date in parentheses.
• Journal articles typically won't have an individual date. Web articles usually will, on the other hand. Occasionally you'll see a season or quarter given instead of a month.
• Your in-text citations will include the year but not month/day information, even if the full citation has it.

• Articles should be written like sentences: proper nouns and acronyms will be capitalized, as will the first word of title and subtitle*. Everything else should be lower-case.
  • *If an article title has a colon in it, the part following the colon is probably a subtitle.

• If an article title includes other punctuation in it, keep that in your citation. If the article title ends with punctuation like a question or exclamation mark, you will not add a period after.

• Italicize the name of the journal and the volume number.
• The issue number goes in parentheses.
• Do not label with "vol." or "issue" or "no." before the numbers.
• Give the range of pages an article spans. Do not label these as pages with p. or pp. Do not include the total number of pages.

DOI = Digital Object Identifier

Use a DOI (if assigned to the article) when citing articles, whether accessed in the print or electronic form.

A DOI is a digital object identifier – a unique alphanumeric code that gives a persistent link to the web location for an electronic item, sort of like an ISBN. DOIs are commonly seen on current electronic journal articles, but are often also included in the print version of the article. You're more likely to see them on articles for the sciences than the humanities.

A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is preferable to a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) when citing an online resource.

How do I find the DOI for an article?

• A DOI is identified as such on the first page of an article near the copyright notice, and it starts with  "https://doi.org/" or "http://dx.doi.org" or "DOI:" and is following by string of letters and numbers.  e, g, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.12.005
• Use https://search.crossref.org​ to search for DOI.
• DOIs are often included in database records.  You can often spot it from just the search results page, as well.
• DOIs may also be found in the bibliography of an article as authors are now using DOIs as a citation tool. If you find a DOI in a bibliography and want to find the actual article (or at least further citation information), you need to use a DOI resolver (see http://dx.doi.org/).

• After a DOI or URL in a citation, there is no ending punctuation.
• You may use a URL shortener like tinyurl or bit.ly if you wish.