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Citations: APA Style (7th ed.)

How to create a document and cite using the most recent edition of APA.

Books (General Entry)

Author or Editor Date Title Publisher Information DOI or URL

Author, A. A. & Author, B. B.

Name of Group.

Editor, E. E. (Ed.).

Editor, E. E. & Editor, F. F. (Eds.)

 (2020).

Title of book.

Title of book (2nd ed., Vol. 4).

Title of book (E. E. Editor, Ed.).

Title of book (T. Translator, Trans.; N. Narrator, Narr.)

Publisher Name.

First Publisher; Second Publisher.

https://doi.org/xxxx

https://xxxx
In most cases, leave out the format, platform, or device (e.g. Kindle).

Books: From Library Database or Print without DOI

For print books without a DOI number as well as e-books from the library databases, follow this format.

Lawrence, R. A. (2007). School crime and juvenile justice (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.

Schlosser, E. (2001). Fast food nation: The dark side of the all-American meal. Houghton Mifflin.

Williams-Forson, P. A. (2006). Building houses out of chicken legs: Black women, food, and power. University of North Carolina Press.

Book With DOI

O'Connor, C., & Weatherall, J. O. (2019). The misinformation age: How false beliefs spread. Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv8jp0hk.11

Samanez-Larkin, G. R. (Ed.). (2019). The aging brain: Functional adaptation across adulthood. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000143-000

Book, No DOI + Non-database

This includes e.g. Kindle books. Note: It's not necessary to include the [Audiobook] tag unless the content is different, or if you want to note something special about e.g. the impact of the narration or if you quote from the audiobook (APA, 2019, p. 322). However, when in doubt, include a description (p. 292).

Cain, S. (2012). Quiet: The power of introverts in a world that can't stop talking (K. Mazur, Narr.). [Audiobook]. Random House Audio. http://bit.ly/2G0Bpbl

Ngozie Adichie, C. (2014). We should all be feminists. Vintage. https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00L0F01NK

Book Chapter

Only cite a chapter if its author is different from the author of the overall work.

Chang, D. R. (2007). Sponsorship marketing and professional football: The case of Korea. In M. Desbordes (Ed.), Marketing and football: An international perspective (pp. 489-510). Butterworth-Heinemann.

Gillespie, A. K. (1984). A wilderness in a megalopolis. In L. K. Brown and K. Mussell (Eds.), Ethnic and regional foodways in the United States: The performance of group identity (pp. 145-168). University of Tennessee Press.

Nassar, V. H. (2008). Biopsy. In T. Irons-George (Ed.), Magill's medical guide (4th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 297-328). Mosby.

Article Reprinted in a Book

Miner, H. (2005). Body ritual among the Nacirema. In J. M. Henslin (Ed.), Down to earth sociology: Introductory readings (13th ed., pp. 77-91). Free Press. (Reprinted from "Body ritual among the Nacirema," 1956, American Anthropologist, 58(3), 503-507, https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1956.58.3.02a00080).

Parenthetical citation: (Miner, 2005, p. 80).

Audiobooks

Note: It's not necessary to include the [Audiobook] tag unless the content is different, or if you want to note something special about e.g. the impact of the narration or if you quote from the audiobook (APA, 2019, p. 322). However, when in doubt, include a description (p. 292).

Cain, S. (2012). Quiet: The power of introverts in a world that can't stop talking (K. Mazur, Narr.) [Audiobook]. Random House Audio. http://bit.ly/2G0Bpbl

In-text citation: (Cain, 2012, 1:20:39)

Visual Art

Named Work

Hopper, E. (1942). Nighthawks [Painting]. In P. Frank, Prebles’ Artforms (11th ed., 428). Pearson.

Parenthetical: (Hopper, 1942).

Untitled Work: Write a Description in Brackets

Landacre, P. (1966). [Illustration of paper birch trees]. In D. C. Peattie, A Natural History of Trees of Eastern and Central North America (2nd ed., 164). Houghton Mifflin.

Parenthetical citation: (Landacre, 1966, p. 164).

Religious Texts

Religious texts don't usually have a specific known author, and the publication date may be in question.

The Bhagavad Gita (E. Easwaran, Trans.; 2nd ed.). (2007). The Blue Mountain Center of Meditation.

Parenthetical citation: (The Bhagavad Gita, 2007)

King James Bible. (2017). King James Bible Online. https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/ (Original work published 1769)

Parenthetical citation: (King James Bible, 2017); (King James Bible, 2017, Song of Solomon 8:6)

Diagnostic Manual (e.g. DSM-5)

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596

In-text citation with abbreviation defined: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013)
Subsequent parenthetical citations: (American Psychiatric Association, 2013)